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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecna</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-132X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4680</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Delo Publishing house</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-164-174</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecna-126</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научно-технологическая политика РФ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scientific-technological politics of Russian Federation</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Огосударствление научно-технологической сферы Российской Федерации: проблемы и последствия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The nationalization of the scientific and technological sphere of the Russian Federation: problems and consequences</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куракова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurakova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, директор Центра научно-технической экспертизы </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">idmz@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИПЭИ РАНХиГС при Президенте РФ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>164</fpage><lpage>174</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куракова Н.Г., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куракова Н.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurakova N.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecna.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/126">https://ecna.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/126</self-uri><abstract><p>Отмечается, что промежуточные итоги достигнутых структурных изменений и уровня технологического обновления экономики России делают актуальной переоценку эффективности используемых в РФ инновационных практик и моделей. Проанализированы базовые положения современной научно-технологической политики. Обосновано отсутствие прямой зависимости уровня научно-технологического развития страны от уровня развития национального сектора исследований и разработок. Рекомендовано разработать комплекс мер современной научно-технологической политики, направленных на сокращение огосударствления научно-технологической сферы и таргетирование крупных и средних компаний реального сектора экономики в качестве главных субъектов «технологического рывка».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is noted that the interim results of the achieved structural changes and the level of technological renewal of the Russian economy make it relevant to reassess the effectiveness of innovative practices and models used in the Russian Federation. The basic provisions of modern science and technology policy are analyzed. The absence of a direct dependence of the level of scientific and technological development of the country on the level of development of the national research and development sector is substantiated. It was recommended to develop a set of measures of modern science and technology policy aimed at reducing the nationalization of the scientific and technological sphere and targeting large and medium-sized companies in the real sector of the economy as the main subjects of the «technological breakthrough».</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>научно-технологическая политика</kwd><kwd>приоритетные направления</kwd><kwd>сквозные технологии</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd><kwd>проекты полного жизненного цикла</kwd><kwd>«технологический рывок»</kwd><kwd>субъекты</kwd><kwd>идентификация</kwd><kwd>компании реального сектора экономики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>science and technology policy</kwd><kwd>priority areas</kwd><kwd>end-to-end technologies</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>full life cycle projects</kwd><kwd>“technological breakthrough”</kwd><kwd>subjects</kwd><kwd>identification</kwd><kwd>companies in the real economy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Global Innovation Index 2018: Energizing the World with Innovation (2018) / Cornell University, INSEAD, WIPO. http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_gii_2018.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Global Innovation Index 2018: Energizing the World with Innovation (2018) / Cornell University, INSEAD, WIPO. http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_gii_2018.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рейтинг ведущих стран мира по затратам на науку (2017) / ИСИЭЗ ВШЭ. https://issek.hse.ru/news/221864403.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rating of the leading countries of the world on the cost of science (2017) / ISSEK HSE. https://issek.hse.ru/news/221864403.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">О промышленном производстве в 2017 году (2017) / Федеральная служба государственной статистики. http://www.gks.ru/bgd/free/ B04_03/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d03/7.htm.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">On industrial production in 2017 (2017) / Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.gks.ru/ bgd/free/B04_03/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d03/7.htm.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atkinson R.D. 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