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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecna</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-132X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4680</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Delo Publishing house</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2410-132X-2021-7-4-243-254</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecna-336</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экономика науки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Economics of sience</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стимулирование технологического предпринимательства вузов: опыт Португалии и Эстонии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stimulation of University Technological Entrepreneurship: Experience of Portugal and Estonia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4868-3990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кураков</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurakov</surname><given-names>F. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кураков Федор Александрович – старший научный сотрудник Центра научно-технической экспертизы</p><p>119571, г. Москва, пр. Вернадского, д. 82</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedor A. Kurakov – Senior Researcher of the Center for Scientific and Technical Expertise</p><p>119571, Moscow, Vernadsky Pr., 82</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurakov-fa@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>243–254</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кураков Ф.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кураков Ф.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurakov F.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecna.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/336">https://ecna.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/336</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ зарубежного опыта убедительно показывает, что уровень наукоемкости национальной продукции имеет самую непосредственную связь с позицией страны в международных рейтингах продуктивности университетских экосистем. Россия с долей 0,4% в мировом количестве стартапов уступает не только развитым странам, но и государствам БРИКС. По состоянию на 2020 г. в Российской Федерации создается всего 37 стартапов на млн. населения, в то время как у лидера – Швейцарии –1791. При этом в юрисдикции России из общего числа основанных в 2010–2019 гг. стартапов остались не более 36%. Рассмотрены стратегии, позволяющие университетам создавать успешные технологические инновационные экосистемы в культурной, экономической и социально-политической среде, которая не может быть охарактеризована как благоприятная для академического предпринимательства. Выполнен анализ факторов, стимулирующих развитие стартап – экосистем Эстонии и Португалии, среди которых: упрощенные программы резидентства для основателей иностранных стартапов; простота регистрации, ведения бизнеса и системы налогообложения; присутствие в стране представительств крупных международных компаний и создание для них технологических хабов, развитая система национальных инкубаторов и акселераторов, в том числе, финансируемых государством; безопасность, низкую стоимость жилья и жизни и комфортность среды проживания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An analysis of foreign experience convincingly shows that the level of science intensity of national products is directly related to the country’s position in international rankings of the productivity of university ecosystems. With a share of 0.4% in the global number of start-ups, Russia is inferior not only to developed countries but also to the BRICS countries. As of 2020, only 37 start-ups per million population are being created in the Russian Federation, while Switzerland has 1791. At the same time, in the jurisdiction of Russia, out of the total number founded in 2010–2019 start-ups remained no more than 36%. The strategies allow universities to create successful technological innovation ecosystems in the cultural, economic, and socio-political environment, which cannot be characterized as favorable for academic entrepreneurship. The analysis of factors stimulating the development of start-up ecosystems in Estonia and Portugal, including simplified residency programs for founders of foreign start-ups; ease of registration, business and taxation system; presence in the country of representative offices of large international companies and the creation of technological hubs for them, a developed system of national incubators and accelerators, including those financed by the state; safety, low cost of housing and living and comfortable living environment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стартапы</kwd><kwd>экосистема</kwd><kwd>академическое предпринимательство</kwd><kwd>продуктивность</kwd><kwd>факторы</kwd><kwd>Эстония</kwd><kwd>Португалия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>startups</kwd><kwd>ecosystem</kwd><kwd>academic entrepreneurship</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>factors</kwd><kwd>Estonia</kwd><kwd>Portugal</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания РАНХиГС при Президенте РФ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the RANEPA.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранова И., Майоров С. 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