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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecna</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-132X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4680</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Delo Publishing house</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RPPIEA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecna-547</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА ЗНАНИЙ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка влияния некоторых инструментов научно-технологической политики на инновационный выпуск в регионах России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determinants of innovative development in the regions of Russia: an assessment taking into account time lags and regional heterogeneity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-4190</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>Svetlana</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общественных финансов, ведущий научный сотрудник института исследований социально-экономических трансформаций и финансовой политики, ФГБОУ ВО «Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации» SPIN-код РИНЦ: 4793-3688Scopus Author ID: 5720801ResearcherID Web of Science: AAU‑4802-2020ORCID: 0000‑0002‑2169‑4190</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sedemidova@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демидова С.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демидова С.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demidova S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecna.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/547">https://ecna.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/547</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях санкционного давления и курса на технологический суверенитет вопрос эффективности научно-технологической политики России приобретает критическую важность. Однако прямое финансирование НИОКР, внедрение особых преференциальных режимов, подготовка кадров часто не приводят к устойчивому росту выпуска высокотехнологичной продукции, что свидетельствует о системном разрыве между инвестициями в научно-технологический потенциал и конечным инновационным производством.</p><p>Целью данного исследования является оценка влияния ключевых инструментов научно-технологической политики на инновационный выпуск в регионах России с учетом проблем эндогенности и временных лагов. </p><p>На основе данных по 82 регионам за 2014–2023 гг. с применением динамической панельной модели (System GMM) выявлены следующие ключевые разрывы. Показано, что затраты на технологические инновации в базовой спецификации демонстрируют значимый отрицательный эффект с годовым лагом и положительную отдачу лишь с двухлетним лагом. При учете региональной типологии этот эффект становится незначимым, что указывает на неоднородность данного эффекта в разрезе региональных групп. Наличие особых экономических зон (как одного из инструментов специальных преференциальных режимов) дает краткосрочный положительный эффект, который сменяется значимым отрицательным эффектом на втором лаге, что свидетельствует о неустойчивости отдачи от института ОЭЗ; на рассматриваемом горизонте долгосрочный положительный эффект отсутствует. Устойчивое отрицательное влияние числа исследователей с ученой степенью на инновационный выпуск указывает на глубинный разрыв между системой подготовки научных кадров и потребностями реального сектора, где исследователи концентрируются в фундаментальной науке, не ориентированной на коммерциализацию.</p><p>Выявлена существенная региональная неоднородность: индустриальные регионы демонстрируют наиболее устойчивую отдачу от НИОКР, тогда как в наукоемких и ресурсных регионах положительный эффект сменяется глубоким спадом. Восстановленные индивидуальные эффекты подтверждают значительную структурную вариацию между регионами. Результаты диагностических тестов (AR(2), Хансен) подтверждают валидность инструментов и отсутствие автокорреляции второго порядка.</p><p>Полученные выводы свидетельствуют о необходимости смещения акцента политики с финансовых мер поддержки на институциональные реформы, нацеленные на создание механизмов кооперации в связке «государство-наука-бизнес» и построение дифференцированных моделей управления коммерциализацией с учетом региональной специализации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract. The study of innovative development processes is central to understanding the directions of economic growth in Russia, however, existing works often do not take into account the endogeneity of factors and the dynamic nature of this process, which leads to biased estimates and ineffective policies. The purpose of this study is to identify andevaluate the impact of factors on the share of high—tech products in the gross regional product, taking into accounttime lags and regional heterogeneity. To solve the research tasks, a two-step assessment was applied within the framework of a dynamic panel model, which allows us to control the unobserved heterogeneity and the problem of endogeneity of variables. An analysis of data on 82 regions of Russia for the period 2014-2023 showed that the keyfactors are characterized by a complex and ambiguous nature over time. The positive effect of R&amp;D costs is manifestedwith a two-year lag, demonstrating nonlinear dynamics. By having a positive impact on innovation output, SEZsenhance the return on investment in research and development only in the first year, while the overall effect over twoyears may be negative. The costs of technological innovations demonstrate a negative effect in the short term, followedby a significant positive return in the long term, which confirms the hypothesis that there is a time lag for theircommercialization. The high return on investment in R&amp;D in resource regions is probably due to the effect of a lowbase and the availability of financial opportunities. The results obtained indicate the manifestation of structural and institutional traps that slow down the commercialization of knowledge. Traditional support measures (direct costfinancing, stimulating staff training) may not achieve their goals without institutional reforms aimed at strengthening the link between science and production, improving the efficiency of innovation process management and creating specialregimes capable of generating sustainable positive effects rather than short-term bursts.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>научно-технологическая политика</kwd><kwd>инновации</kwd><kwd>коммерциализация</kwd><kwd>НИОКР</kwd><kwd>особые&#13;
экономические зоны</kwd><kwd>человеческий капитал</kwd><kwd>региональная дифференциация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>science financing</kwd><kwd>innovation</kwd><kwd>scientific potential</kwd><kwd>R&amp;D</kwd><kwd>innovation activity</kwd><kwd>structural and institutional traps</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Information about financing: the article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Блохин, А.А., &amp; Сергеев, Ю.В. 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