The relevance of this study is determined by the absence of a comprehensive ranking of Nobel laureates in the field of economics, based on international databases such as the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) and Scopus. This study aims to address this gap by developing a four-factor integrated assessment method for the normalized ranking of economic Nobel laureates, utilizing both the Hirsch index and citation metrics from these databases. A significant aspect of the study is the exploration of the interdisciplinary nature of the Nobel prize winners’ creative legacy. The study reveals the number of Nobel Laureates by country and field of economics based on foreign classification systems, as well as correlations between the citations of the authors and their Hirsch indices, according to Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Additionally, a comparative analysis is conducted to evaluate the accuracy of predictions regarding the ranking of laureates. Based on the integrated normalized rating, the top 20 most cited Nobel Prize winners have been identified, which correlate significantly in WoS and Scopus databases. The ranking positions and scientometric status of these scholars in both the WoS and Scopus do not coincide, even in the top three positions. The study outlines prospects for further research related to the need for Russian scientists to publish in international journals and the inclusion of Russian journals in international scientometric databases. Government departments and private companies can benefit from the work of these scientists. Future research should focus on improving the visibility of Russian science on the global stage. This can be achieved through increased publication in high-impact journals and inclusion in major scientometric databases such as WoS and Scopus.

The article reveals the specifics of organizing technological development monitoring at the regional level, considering the goals and objectives of national development in the technological sphere, as well as the need to create clarifying indicative parameters for conducting an economic analysis of the level of technological independence. The objective of the study is to develop groups of indicators that are integrated into a unified system for monitoring regional technological development and allow for the assessment of interregional inequality to develop a set of preventive, operational, and strategic measures for achieving technological sovereignty in the modern world. The research objective is to examine the current legislative framework, which sets the direction of technological development in the Russian Federation; to consider approaches to organizing technological development monitoring and analysis of the level of interregional technological development; and to develop indicators for monitoring regions by the level of technological development. The research methodology is based on the theory of technological and regional development, dialectical and system-complex approaches, methods of generalization, systematization, critical analysis, induction and deduction, expert and point assessment. The study states that the regulations for monitoring technological development at the national level lack consistency and there is a lack of a unified methodology for interregional analysis. Authors developed the goals and objectives of a regional system for monitoring the level of technological development, proposed a definition of the concept of «regional technological sovereignty», and identified the structural components of the regional technological development ecosystem, their qualitative characteristics, and a mechanism for their assessment. The study’s findings can provide insight into the issue of interregional disparities.

In the context of rapid technological development, the use of agent-based modeling (ABM) for analyzing and managing socio-economic and innovation-technological systems is especially relevant. The aim of this paper is to formalize the methodology of ABM through an axiomatic description of its structural elements to provide a theoretical and methodological foundation for studying the mechanisms of functioning of an innovation-technological system.
The research methods include the analysis and synthesis of the structural components of ABM, as well as abstraction and comparative analysis techniques. This methodological framework enables the formalization of the main properties of ABM and the systematization of knowledge in the field.
The main result of the study is an axiomatic description of ABM that reflects its nature as a tool for reproducing complex and nonlinear processes in real systems, as well as identifying the prospects for the use of such models in strategic planning, digital transformation, and ensuring technological sovereignty through the analysis of vulnerabilities in national innovation ecosystems.
Author demonstrated that the axiomatic approach contributes to the standardization and systematization of knowledge about ABM methodology and also creates a foundation for the development of more flexible and intelligent models. This enhances the potential of ABM as a universal tool for analysis, forecasting, and management of innovation-technological systems amid global instability and technological competition.

The purpose of this study is to develop mechanisms for the formation of a single socio-scientific community as a factor in the development of the Union State. The methodological basis of the article is a system approach, a subject-functional and institutional approach, as well as other general scientific methods and principles of cognition. It has been established that for the successful modernization of the industry of Russia and Belarus, institutional changes are necessarily associated with the formation of a post-capitalist socio-scientific community. The objective problem of expanded reproduction of scientific personnel is due not only to obvious circumstances (for example, the aging of scientific personnel), but also to a decrease in the social capital of science in general, which leads both to the degradation of the institutional system of scientific schools formed in the last century and to the practical impossibility of their development in the future. In many ways, the problem of expanded reproduction of scientific personnel can be solved by increasing the funding of fundamental science. The formation of a single socio-scientific community of Russia and Belarus is a factor in ensuring the national security of our countries.

This article examines the theory and practice of change management as a critical component of supply chain management in a highly volatile environment. The primary objective of the study was to substantiate conceptual principles for managing structural and technological change in rail transport. This objective was achieved through several sequential stages. In the first stage, a review of relevant scientific publications was conducted and the practice of managing structural and technological change was analyzed. In the second stage, principles were defined and blocks of management action were developed that characterize change management in rail transport. Conceptual provisions have been formulated that establish the basic tools for the development and implementation of a set of measures aimed at the sustainable operation of rail transport under the influence of various environmental factors and the technological transformation of the industry. Additionally, a conceptual model of a structural and technological change management system was developed. Within this model, management entities (railway organizations) exert targeted influence on the management object (supply chains) based on established internal relationships, as well as established objectives and principles.

The relevance of the research topic stems from the problems of scientific and technological progress of the regions, their significant differentiation in the level of development of science, innovation and technology, often low efficiency of some types of preferential regimes to stimulate scientific and technological growth in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to study the possibilities of establishing technopolises to boost scientific and technological development of Russian regions using preferential regimes. To achieve the goal of the study, the authors set and solved the following tasks: analysis of the influence of preferential regimes on the scientific and technological development of regions; study of the problems of the effectiveness of preferential regimes in the scientific and technological sphere; identification of factors of the regional environment contributing to the establsihment of technopolises; determining criteria for the creation of technopolises; analysis of the possibility of preferential regimes operating in the territory along with other factors, to contribute to the creation of a technopolis (using the example of Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod Region). The information and analytical base consisted of the analysis of data on the functioning of preferential regimes, factors of the regional environment stimulating the development of science, innovation and high technologies. The study results introduce the following: 1) the author’s vision of a modern Russian technopolis city combining preferential regimes, research and technological potential, an active role of the university, and historical prerequisites of the territory for the agglomeration of high-tech industries; 2) positive results and problems of the efficiency of preferential regimes in the scientific and technological sphere; 3) the reasons for the inefficiency of preferential regimes; 4) the significance of using the technopolis concept for scientific and technological development of regions in the context of searching for approaches to the formation of knowledge-intensive territories; 5) the criteria for identifying technopolises, as well as the factors of the regional environment that contribute to their development; 6) the possibilities and prospects for the establishment of a technopolis in a city with a certain set of prerequisites, and the main elements of the «technopolis wheel» of Veliky Novgorod. The study contributes to the development of the technopolis concept, regional and municipal economy.